1992 summarizes several decades of research on the history of English in Great Britain and beyond.īloomfield, Leonard. Bynon 1977 and Janson 2002 are highly accessible general surveys, and Hogg, et al. Campbell 2004 is the most accomplished introduction to the field in print, Crowley and Bowern 2010 is a recent introduction to the field with an emphasis on Austronesian data, Luraghi and Bubenik 2010 presents a wide range of specialized articles on disciplinary subfields, and Joseph and Janda 2003 is an eminently useful reference work. Bloomfield 1933 includes a classic discussion of Americanist approaches to language change in the early 20th century. The works in this section provide either historically salient or updated introductions to the field for beginning and advanced students. This choice in focus conveys existing historical strengths and showcases our current knowledge about language contact and language change in the Americas. This survey has two focii: the first one is languages of the Americas, and the second one is ethnohistorical and philological methodology. This article outlines all of these important inquiries, with a particular stress on the sustained interaction among historical linguistics, anthropology, and ethnohistory. Contemporary historical linguistics has maintained a focus on several large-scale questions, such as the origins of the language faculty the classification and typology of the world’s languages the time depth of major language changes ancient writing systems the impact of linguistic and cultural contacts on language change the emergence of pidgins and creoles the influence of colonial expansion and evangelization projects on language change and the interface among literacy practices, language change, and the social order. While the study of language change and etymology can be traced back to ancient societies in the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and Asia, a number of important methodological approaches emerged in the late 18th century, when European scholars who were engaged in colonial administration set the foundations for research in Indo-European languages. Historical linguistics is a discipline with strong interdisciplinary connections to sociocultural anthropology, ethnohistory, and archaeology.
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48 kilometers (30 mi) to the south of Toronto from Fort Niagara State Park in the U.S.40 kilometers (25 mi) west of Toronto from Milton.58 kilometers (36 mi) southwest of Toronto from Hamilton.60 kilometers (37 mi) to the east of Toronto in Oshawa.40 kilometers (25 mi) to the north of Aurora.Unsurprisingly for such a tall structure, on a clear day, the CN Tower can be seen from really far in all directions. The CN Tower “towers ” above all other skyscrapers / Pixabay 7. The core idea behind building such a tall structure was to make it possible to rent out “hub space” for people owning satellite dishes, and for whom the new skyscrapers disrupted the signal. Antennas of over 300 meters (980 ft) were already necessary to maintain coverage for everybody in the area. These tall buildings caused a huge problem as they severely lowered the quality of broadcast signals. Multiple skyscrapers were constructed during this period in the Downtown Area of Toronto. Toronto was a booming city in the 1960s and early 1970s and a lot of tall buildings were constructed during this period. After a period of thorough testing, construction of the towers started on February 6, 1973, and was completed in 1976. The plans developed over the years and became concrete in 1972 when both a design and location were proposed. The tower was also to serve as one of the world’s top entertainment destinations and achieve international recognition as the world’s tallest tower. So the other reason it wanted to construct a massive tower was to emphasize the strength of the Canadian industry and most particularly, the power of the CN. The Canadian National Railway wanted to build a large communication tower to better serve the Toronto area.īy that time, the Canadian National Railway was a massive corporation, and not very humble as well. The original idea of the CN Tower came in 1968. CN headquarters in Montreal / Wiki Commons / Source 5. Since the 1960s, the company has been known as the “ Canadian National” and was a government-owned corporation from its incorporation on June 6, 1919, until its privatization in 1995.Īpart from the railway network, the company also owns various other assets, including media companies, so it’s the Canadian National Railway that came up with the idea to build the CN Tower. It has the most revenue and the largest railway network and serves all of Canada and the south of the United States. The Canadian Nation Railway is Canada’s largest railway company. Right now, the area is a mixed-use development area with for example the residential neighborhood CityPlace in the west and is home to the CN Tower and the Rogers Center, a large sports stadium.ĬN Tower from inside the Rogers Center / MarcusObal / 4. The land was previously owned by the Canadian National Railway. It is built on an area that is called “Railway Lands,” which was originally a railway switching yard until it got moved to a better location outside of the city. The CN Tower is located in Downtown Toronto, the main central business district of the capital of the province of Ontario in Canada. It will drop to place 10 though when the Jeddah Tower opens its doors. It held the record for being the tallest tower in the world 2 years longer until it was surpassed in 2009 by the Canton Tower in the Haizhu district of Guangzhou, China.Īt the moment, the CN Tower is still the tallest free-standing structure on land in the Western Hemisphere and the 9th tallest free-standing structure in the world. From its opening until 2008 it held this record until it was surpassed by the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. How tall is the CN Tower?Īt 553.3 meters high (1,815.3 ft), the CN Tower was the tallest free-standing structure in the world for over 32 years. The CN stands for “ Canadian National,” the railway company that came up with the idea for the construction of the tower.Īpart from serving its purpose until today as a communications tower for multiple media companies and numerous other companies, it’s also a popular tourist attraction due to its “ Skypod.” 2. The CN Tower is a concrete observation and communication tower located in the Downtown area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. More interesting facts about the CN Tower 1. Query = "INSERT INTO %s(%s) VALUES(%%s,%%s,%%s)" % (table, cols)ĭef execute_batch(conn, df, table, page_size=100): # Create a list of tupples from the dataframe values Using cursor.executemany() to insert the dataframe Step 3: The seven different ways to do a Bulk Insert using Psycopg2 Print('Connecting to the PostgreSQL database.')Įxcept (Exception, psycopg2.DatabaseError) as error: """ Connect to the PostgreSQL database server """ import pandas as pdĬsv_file = "./data/global-temp-monthly.csv" What is nice about this dataframe is that it contains string, date and float columns, so it should be a good test dataframe for bench-marking bulk inserts. The data for this tutorial is freely available on, but you will also find it in the data/ directory of my GitHub repository. } Step 2: Load the pandas dataframe, and connect to the database Step 1: Specify the connection parameters # Here you want to change your database, username & password according to your own values copy_from() – there are two ways to do this – view postįor a fully functioning tutorial on how to replicate this, please refer to my Jupyter notebook on GitHub.In this post, I compared the following 7 bulk insert methods, and ran the benchmarks for you: It becomes confusing to identify which one is the most efficient. There are multiple ways to do bulk inserts with Psycopg2 (see this Stack Overflow page and this blog post for instance). If you have ever tried to insert a relatively large dataframe into a PostgreSQL table, you know that single inserts are to be avoided at all costs because of how long they take to execute. Though Brock is a human with no powers, the Venom symbiote suit bestows upon him a range of abilities including many of Spider-Man's powers.ĭebuting in the Modern Age of Comic Books, the character has featured in various Marvel-endorsed products outside of comics, including feature films, animated television series, and video games and merchandise such as action figures, and trading cards. In 2012, he was bonded to the Toxin symbiote, reuniting with the Venom symbiote in 2018. In 2008, after being separated from the Venom symbiote, he serves as the anti-hero host of the Anti-Venom symbiote which is sacrificed to help cure the " Spider-Island" epidemic during the 2011 storyline. Though he repeatedly comes into conflict with Spider-Man, he also attempts to operate as a hero, albeit a violent one, seeking to save those he deems "innocent" and avoid any collateral damage in his clashes with Spider-Man. The symbiote bonds with him and they become Venom, together seeking out revenge against their mutual enemy. Disgraced and suicidal with a growing irrational hatred for Spider-Man, Brock comes into contact with an alien symbiote, rejected by Peter Parker. In the original version of the story, Eddie Brock is a journalist who publicly exposes the identity of a man he believes is a serial killer, the Sin-Eater, only to find his reputation ruined when Spider-Man captures the real killer. He later evolved into an antihero, slowly distancing himself from his initial goal to ruin Spider-Man's life to instead do good. He has endured as one of Spider-Man's most prominent villains, and is regarded as one of his three archenemies, alongside the Green Goblin and Doctor Octopus. The character has since appeared in many Marvel Comics publications, including Venom. The character was created by David Michelinie and Todd McFarlane, making a cameo appearance in Web of Spider-Man #18 (September 1986), before making his first full appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man #300 (May 1988) as the most well-known host of the Venom symbiote. Undetectable by Spider-Man's "Spider-sense"Įdward Charles Allan " Eddie" Brock is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.Symbiote's autonomous defense capabilities.Superhuman strength, speed, agility, and durability.Venom, Anti-Venom, Toxin, Sleeper, Captain Universe The Amazing Spider-Man #569 (October 2008) Hand that pushes Peter Parker onto train tracks: Eddie Brock as Venom in The Amazing Spider-Man #300 (May 1988) He also has two restaurants in Mexico City, MeroToro and Amaya, and is a partner at Vancouver’s Fayuca. A selection of the wines will be available as pairings at the dinners.Ībout The Chefs | Chef Jair Tellez is one of Mexico’s best known chefs, with his first restaurant, Laja in Baja California, recently named to San Pellegrino’s Top 50 Latin American Restaurants list. Also making the trip north will be Noel Tellez and Alonso Maldonado from Bichi, a Baja California winery producing natural wines using minimal intervention and traditional methods. As part of the cultural exchange experience, the Mexican chefs will get to visit markets, go foraging and meet local producers with their hosts to source the ingredients for the dinner. Don’t miss it!Ībout the Dinner | Famed Mexican chefs Jair Tellez and Hugo Duran will collaborate with their Canadian counterparts, Ernesto Gomez and Martin Vargas at Fayuca, to create a five-course dinner that brings together the flavours, indigenous ingredients, local produce and techniques of the two countries. The friendship between Canadians and Mexicans is a special one, and nowhere is it more unique than on the plate! To celebrate this relationship, YVR Food Fest and Mexico Tourism Board of Canada invite you to enjoy an unforgettable event with tasty food and exceptional wine pairings. Vancouver, BC | You’re invited to experience a special five-course meal created by some of Mexico’s most exciting culinary talent on Tuesday, November 21. Properly size the wire gauge to the length and current draw required.Understand how much current you need to draw for your tool or appliance.This particularly holds true if you keep the wire in a coil, which creates resistance and a magnetic field that heats up. Use it in that state for too long, and the wire insulation could melt. An undersized extension cable will heat up over time. Secondly, you potentially create a dangerous situation. That’s your tool on an improperly-sized extension cord. If that straw isn’t large enough to deliver air, you struggle to breathe. Think of this like trying to breathe through a straw. First, you can tax the tool motor-causing it to work harder to draw the energy it needs to run. Use an extension cord that doesn’t carry the correct thickness (gauge) wire and you “starve” your tool.īut, you also do something worse. You have to ensure that if your tool requires 15 amps, it gets 15 amps. For larger tools that require them, it’s not enough to simply tap into the temp power pole or a nearby outlet. Why Understanding Wire Gauge and Amps MattersĮveryone on a job site or remodel has some experience with running extension cords. It helps you understand what happens when using a 100-foot extension cord on a tool with a high current draw. This might be an unusual application for some, but we felt it represented a great scenario. With that being the case, only one of our recommendations hit that level, the 100-foot 12-gauge extension cord with a full 15A draw. We also allowed for up to a 5% voltage drop-which some people might consider too high. We also utilized the 2014 NEC Chapter 9, Table 9 numbers for impedance and voltage drop calculations. Assumptions for Sizing Extension Cord Lengthįor our extension cord size chart calculations, we assumed 120V single phase with a power factor of 1. See below for some recommendations on extension cords which should match the above requirements. Consider using the next size up for anything that is at or near 5% or-even better-opting for a shorter cord whenever possible. *Yields a 5% voltage drop-the maximum allowed in our calculations. This story has been updated with additional reporting and a statement from Harleth.ĬNN’s Betsy Klein contributed to this report. An issue to consider is the exact definition of remote carriers. 1 to lead someone politely somewhere, for example into a room or towards a seat Inspector Malley ushered us into his office. This phase will usher in the final architecture for the SCAF. “The permanent staff averages 25 years – one staffer was there for 50 years.” Six questions with France’s Air and Space Force chief. “It really doesn’t matter who is president, or what party is in office,” Rochon said. Stephen Rochon, who was the chief usher from 2007 to 2011, said the Trump transition team asked him to come back “to run the house,” but he declined due to family reasons. In many ways, the ushers are the face of the church, the first ones that people see when they arrive and the last ones they see as they leave. The chief usher and residence staff are not political positions, and it’s highly unusual for someone to leave at the beginning of a new administration. Although the position of usher is not mentioned in the Bible, ushers today provide an invaluable service to the local church body. especially the Delsartian ideas about the meaning of gestures and their. The definition of usher in Dictionary is as: A person, in a church, cinema etc., who escorts people to their seats. Reid was the White House’s ninth usher and the second African American. later worked at the same theatre as the chief usher and box office manager. “Construction, maintenance, remodeling, food, as well as the administrative, fiscal and personnel functions” fall under the role’s responsibilities, according to the White House Historical Association. The White House usher is responsible for the management of the building and oversees residence staff. I am proud that I had the opportunity to lead the Residence Staff to receive the incoming First Family with the utmost respect and dignity,” Harleth said in a statement to The New York Times. “It has been an honor to serve as Chief Usher, a position whose loyalty is not to a specific president, but rather to the institution of the presidency. Carolyn Kaster/APįirst female usher in WH history no longer in postĬhief ushers can stay through multiple administrations, however Harleth’s firing did not come as a surprise to several sources inside the White House.Ī Biden White House official confirmed Harleth’s departure, but added, “he was let go before the Bidens arrived” at the White House. The Clinton Administration has defined a new security agenda that addresses. What is another word for usher Noun A doorperson or attendant, especially one who shows people to their seats A male attendant at a wedding A sign or. Ushers or Theatre Hosts greet the audience and direct them to. Led NATO alliance to victory in air campaign and ushering in international. Angella Reid poses in front of the White House in 2011, weeks before she became White House chief usher. These front of house staff are the public face of a theatre, and work during performance times. RNA-Seq traditionally uses the reads mapped onto human genome references to study the transcriptional landscape of both single cells and entire cellular populations. Studies involving assay-based protocols usually have small sample sizes, thus limiting analysis of intra-individual variation of immunological receptors across diverse human tissues. However, little is known about the immunological repertoires of other human tissues, including barrier tissues such as skin and mucosae. Recent studies 2 have successfully applied assay-based approaches to characterize the immune repertoire of peripheral blood. Those technologies are usually restricted to one chain, with the majority of studies focusing on the heavy chain of the Ig repertoire. Commonly used assay-based approaches to RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) provide a detailed view of the adaptive immune system by leveraging the deep sequencing of amplified DNA or RNA from the variable region of the Ig locus (BCR-Seq) 4, 5, 6. High-throughput technologies enable remarkable levels of accuracy when profiling the Ig repertoires. The consensus sequence of each cluster is reported as the correct CDR3 sequence. ImReP clusters assemble CDR3 into a set of clusters via CAST algorithm. We further correct PCR and sequencing errors in the assembled CDR3s. e Correcting PCR and sequencing errors via CAST clustering. During this stage, we match reads originated from the same CDR3 based on 15 nucleotides overlap. In cases where a read contains a partial CDR3 sequence and overlaps with only the V or J gene, we perform the second stage of ImReP. c Match reads containing partial CDR3s and overlapping only V or J genes. The alignment between the read and V and J genes is found by matching the prefix and suffix of the read to match the suffix of V and prefix of J genes, respectively. Reads with putative CDR3s are further examined to simultaneously overlap V and J gene segments. We first scan the amino acid sequences of the read to determine putative CDR3 sequences that are fully contained inside the read. Receptor-derived reads spanning V(D)J recombinations are identified from unmapped reads and assembled into the CDR3 sequences. b Alignment-free detection of reads containing full-length CDR3s and simultaneously overlapping V and J genes. Complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) is used to identify Ig receptor clonotypes-a group of clones with identical CDR3 amino acid sequences. Reads with extensive somatic hypermutations and reads spanning the V(D)J recombination are inferred from the unmapped reads (gray color). Reads entirely aligned to Ig genes are inferred from mapped reads (black color). V(D)J gene segments are randomly joined and non-templated bases (N, dark red color) are inserted at the recombination junctions. Ig receptors contain multiple variables (V, green color), diversity (D, which is present only in IGH, violet color), joining (J, yellow color), and constant (C, blue color) gene segments. Ig repertoire consists of three Ig loci: immunoglobulin heavy locus (IGH), immunoglobulin κ locus (IGK), and immunoglobulin λ locus (IGL). The pairing of heavy and light chains that occurs in polyclonally activated B cells chains is another mechanism that increases Ig diversity.Ī Schematic representation of human Ig receptor repertoire. Here, antigen specificity remains unchanged, while the heavy chain VDJ regions join with different constant (C) regions, such as IgG, IgA, or IgE isotypes, and alter the immunological properties of Igs. Isotype switching is another mechanism that contributes to B-cell functional diversity. These changes are mostly single-base substitutions occurring at extremely high rates-somatic hypermutation can undergo 10 −5 to 10 −3 mutations per base pair per generation 3. In addition, upon activation of a B cell, somatic hypermutation further diversifies Ig in their variable region. Ig repertoire diversity is key for an individual’s immune system to confer protection against a wide variety of potential pathogens 2. This process enables the Ig repertoire to develop astonishing diversity of antigen receptors from any given individual, with >10 13 theoretically possible distinct Ig receptors 1. The resulting DNA sequences are then translated into antigen receptor proteins. Igs are diversified through somatic recombination, a process that randomly combines variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) gene segments, and inserts or deletes non-templated bases at the recombination junctions 1 (Fig. A typical Ig repertoire is composed of one immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) and two light chains, κ (IGK) and λ (IGL). B cells recognize their specific antigens through immunoglobulins (Ig), surface antigen receptors, which are unique to each cell and its progeny. A key function of the adaptive immune system is to mount protective memory responses to a given antigen. The eyebrows have few nerve endings, so the pain level is relatively low. The forehead has few nerve endings, so it is not a particularly painful area. Additionally, the level of pain can be affected by factors such as the size and location of the tattoo, the skill of the tattoo artist, and the individual's own pain threshold. Some people may find certain body parts more or less painful than others, and the same body part can be more or less painful for different people. It's important to note that pain tolerance is highly individual and can vary greatly from person to person. It is similar to the sensation of getting a burn or being stung by a bee. High: This level of pain is generally described as a strong discomfort or throbbing sensation.It is similar to the sensation of getting a deep scratch or scrape or being pinched. Moderate: This level of pain is generally described as a moderate discomfort or aching sensation.It is similar to the sensation of getting a light scratch or scrape. Low: This level of pain is generally described as a mild discomfort or tickling sensation. Here is a breakdown of the different tattoo pain levels: General Breakdown Of Tattoo Pain Levels On Different Body Parts Below you'll find the most popular moth tattoo designs so far: Whatever their meaning, moth tattoos are sure to add an air of mystery and magic to any tattoo collection.Īnimal and insect tattoos are becoming increasingly popular, and moth tattoos are a unique and beautiful way to show your love for nature. They can also represent hope, rebirth, and the never-ending cycle of life. They are also associated with intuition and the subconscious mind so it's important to understand the meaning behind this unique ink design. Moths are often seen as symbols of transformation, change, and new beginnings. For many people, a moth tattoo is a reminder that change is possible and that it is never too late to start over. The moth is an archetype of metamorphosis, going through a complete transformation as it grows from caterpillar to moth or butterfly. While moth tattoos can have a variety of different meanings, they are often associated with transformation and new beginnings. Overall, moth symbolism can be complex and multifaceted, and its meaning may vary depending on the culture and context in which it is used. This can symbolize the importance of trusting one's intuition and instincts.ĭeath or rebirth: In some cultures, moths are associated with death or rebirth, as they can represent the soul or spirit leaving or returning to the body. Intuition: Moths navigate by intuition, following their inner compass to find food and mates. Vulnerability: Moths are fragile and can be easily destroyed by external factors such as light or fire, which can symbolize vulnerability or fragility. Light: Moths are often drawn to light, which can symbolize seeking spiritual enlightenment or knowledge. Transformation: Moths undergo a transformation from a caterpillar to a winged adults, which can symbolize personal transformation and growth. Here are some common interpretations of moth symbolism: Moths can symbolize different things depending on the context and cultural references. Seashore Gardens Living Center will continue operations as a separate entity from the foundation. The foundation’s core priorities will be in the areas of Alzheimer’s and dementia services and outreach, intergenerational programs, education and resources for caregivers and elder care professionals. The foundation will be expanding to serve the elder community at large.” “We will continue that legacy in this next chapter of our storied history. “We have a rich history in Jewish philanthropy and enriching elder lives ,” Seashore Gardens Foundation President Rich Cohen said. The sale will not include Seashore Elder Housing or the Seashore Gardens Foundation. This will enable Seashore Gardens Foundation to continue to provide programming and services without the same restrictions and regulations. “As the owner/operator of Atlas Healthcare, we are committed to providing the same high quality of care for which Seashore Gardens has been known all these years,” Atlas Healthcare CEO Phil Bak said. “We decided the best option for our residents and staff was to transfer ownership to an organization with the scale and resources to uphold the high standards for which we are known.”Ītlas Healthcare is a patient centered organization that provides a continuum of health services in a safe and welcoming environment that respects Jewish values, traditions, and lifestyles and that emphasizes quality of life and human dignity. “Simply put, a single home provider, such as ours, doesn’t have the long-term resources to weather this perfect storm,” President and CEO Martin H. Persistent staffing shortages have also limited the number of residents Seashore Gardens Living Center has been able to accept, further reducing revenues. Similar reasons were cited as challenges for other senior care facilities across the country. COVID-19 led to a sharp reduction in revenue due to a declining population of residents staying at skilled nursing facilities. The pandemic exacerbated fiscal challenges and imposed significant additional costs associated with protecting residents and staff. The board cited fiscal challenges, particularly the persistent and increasing gap between Medicaid reimbursement rates and the cost of caring for residents, as a reason for the sale. GALLOWAY TOWNSHIP - The board of Seashore Gardens Living Center announced today that an agreement has been reached to sell the home to Atlas Healthcare Group. |